破解雅思閱讀出題的幾大方法

大家覺得雅思閱讀考試的題難嗎?其實(shí)其中有三分之二題目考察學(xué)生初級(jí)、中級(jí)的閱讀能力：定位、理解、語言處理、識(shí)別同義替換等等。但是還有三分之一的題目則是考察學(xué)生高級(jí)閱讀能力的。該怎樣破解迷局與難題，接下來就和大家說說吧!

一、個(gè)別亂序

在雅思閱讀中大部分題目都符合“題文一致”這一基本原則，即出題順序與原文行文順序基本一致，但有時(shí)出題者往往劍走偏鋒，令個(gè)別小題亂序出現(xiàn)，干擾考生、令其方寸大亂從而失分。例如，在劍橋真題七的Test 4 Passage 1: Pulling string to build pyramids一文中, Question 10就出現(xiàn)了亂序，令考生費(fèi)時(shí)費(fèi)力，難以察覺。

題目：

The Egyptians had 8………………, which could liftlarge pieces of 9...................., and they knew how to use the energy ofthe wind from their skill as 10................... The discovery on one pyramidof an object which resembled a 11................. suggests they may haveexperimented with 12 .............. . In addition, over two thousand years agokites used in china as weapons, as well as for sending 13..................

原文：

Other feel there is more of a case for thetheory. Harnessing the wind would not have been a problem for accomplishedsailors like the Egyptians. And they are known to have used wooden pulleys,which could have been made strong enough to bear the weight of massive blocksof stone. In addition, there is some physical evidence that the ancientEgyptians were interested in flight. A wooden artifact found on the steppyramid at Saqqara looks uncannily like a modern glider. Although it dates fromseveral hundred years after the building of the pyramids, its sophisticationsuggests that the Egyptians might have been developing ideas of flight for along time. And other ancient civilizations certainly knew about kites; as earlyas 1250 BC, the Chinese were using them to deliver messages and dump flamingdebris on their foes.

在Question 10之前已經(jīng)有了Question8和9，定位在原文中的第三句話“And they areknown to have used wooden pulleys, which could have been made strong enough tobear the weight of massive blocks of stone.”那么按照常理推測(cè)，Question10理應(yīng)在Question 8和9之后出現(xiàn)。但是考生們費(fèi)心費(fèi)力一番查找，發(fā)現(xiàn)遍尋不著答案，因此很多人便亂了陣腳。其實(shí)這是出題者在跟我們玩“亂序”這個(gè)花招。破解方法很簡單：精讀題目，以關(guān)鍵詞在文中的重現(xiàn)為定位。根據(jù)空前詞“they knew how to use the energy of the wind from their skill as”可以定位到原文的第二句話“Harnessing the wind would not have been a problem for accomplishedsailors like the Egyptians.”于是答案為“accomplished sailors”。

總結(jié)：正所謂“亂花漸欲迷人眼”，只有精煉讀題這一基本功，才能“以不變應(yīng)萬變”。

二、長難句

雅思閱讀文章往往是學(xué)術(shù)型文章，涉及某個(gè)專業(yè)話題，為了表達(dá)精準(zhǔn)到位，難免會(huì)出現(xiàn)比較冗長的句子，如何精準(zhǔn)地理解作者意圖對(duì)考生也是不小的挑戰(zhàn)。但也并非沒有技巧可言。一篇文章總歸有它的符合邏輯的寫作順序，更何況雅思閱讀中的文章都是脈絡(luò)清楚，邏輯縝密的優(yōu)秀文章，所以，通過對(duì)文章的思路分析來確定所需信息的大體位置就相對(duì)可靠，并依托全篇文章的核心內(nèi)容來理解長難句，問題就不會(huì)顯得過分復(fù)雜了。例如，在劍橋真題六的Test 2 Passage 1: Advantages of public transport文中,便出現(xiàn)了對(duì)長難句的考查。

題目：

Question 9.(T / F / NG) In Melbourne,people prefer to live in the outer suburbs.

原文：

According to Professor Newman, the largerAustralian city of Melbourne is a rather unusual city in this sort ofcomparison. He describes it as two cities: A European city surrounded by acar- dependent one’. Melbourne’s large tram network has made car use in theinner city much lower, but the outer suburbs have the same car-based structureas most other Australian cities. The explosion in demand for accommodation inthe inner suburbs of Melbourne suggests a recent change in many people’spreferences as to where they live.

根據(jù)Question 9中的定位詞“Melbourne”可對(duì)應(yīng)文中第三段的最后一句話“The explosion in demand for accommodation in the inner suburbs ofMelbourne suggests a recent change in many people’s preferences as to wherethey live.”而能否準(zhǔn)確理解這句話也決定了這道判斷題能否做對(duì)。這句長難句考查學(xué)生對(duì)于主謂賓句子結(jié)構(gòu)的把握，以及后置定語的理解，其中“explosion”一詞應(yīng)理解為“激增”，所以正確理解是“墨爾本近郊住宿需求的激增表明人們偏好住在哪里的改變?！倍}目的意思是“墨爾本的人們傾向于住在遠(yuǎn)郊”，因此此題判斷為FALSE。

總結(jié)：分析主謂賓，先理解句子主干，再讀懂修飾成分，擊破長難句。正所謂“它長由它長，清風(fēng)拂山崗。它狠由它狠，明月照大江?！?/p>

雅思閱讀題并不簡單，很多人覺得只有真正的閱讀“高手”才能破解這些難題。在平時(shí)的練習(xí)和考試中，也正是這些題目令考生失分，壓制其無法達(dá)到7分以上。如果你能夠掌握相關(guān)技巧，那么就將事半功倍，大家加油學(xué)習(xí)吧!